// Copyright (C) 2024  Umorpha Systems
// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later

package gitcache

import (
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"os"
	"os/exec"
	"path/filepath"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"syscall"
	"time"
)

const (
	tsDir  = "x-gitcache-ts"
	tmpDir = "x-gitcache-tmp"
)

type Cache struct {
	Dir       string
	MinPeriod time.Duration

	initOnce sync.Once
	initErr  error
}

// "ll" stands for "low level" /////////////////////////////////////////////////

func (cache *Cache) llInit(stderr io.Writer) error {
	fmt.Fprintf(stderr, "[gitcache] Initializing cache...\n")
	cmd := exec.Command("git", "-c", "init.defaultBranch=main", "init", "--bare", cache.Dir)
	cmd.Stderr = stderr
	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if err := mkdirAllowExisting(filepath.Join(cache.Dir, tsDir)); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return nil
}

func (cache *Cache) llFetch(stderr io.Writer, namespace, url string) error {
	fmt.Fprintf(stderr, "[gitcache] Fetching %q...\n", url)
	cmd := exec.Command("git",
		"fetch",
		"--no-write-fetch-head",
		"--no-recurse-submodules",
		"--no-tags",
		"--prune",
		"--force",
		"--",
		url, "*:refs/namespaces/"+namespace+"/*")
	cmd.Dir = cache.Dir
	cmd.Stderr = stderr
	return cmd.Run()
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

func (cache *Cache) init(stderr io.Writer) error {
	cache.initOnce.Do(func() {
		cache.initErr = cache.llInit(stderr)
	})
	if err := mkdirAllowExisting(filepath.Join(cache.Dir, tmpDir)); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return cache.initErr
}

func (cache *Cache) Fetch(stderr io.Writer, url string) error {
	namespace, ok := URL2NS(url)
	if !ok {
		return fmt.Errorf("invalid URL: %q", url)
	}
	if err := cache.init(stderr); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	tsFile := filepath.Join(cache.Dir, tsDir, namespace)
	if cache.MinPeriod != 0 {
		ts, err := mtime(tsFile)
		if err == nil && ts.Add(cache.MinPeriod).After(time.Now()) {
			return nil
		}
	}
	if err := cache.llFetch(stderr, namespace, url); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return touch(tsFile)
}

func (cache *Cache) Clone(stderr io.Writer, url, dir string, flags ...string) error {
	namespace, ok := URL2NS(url)
	if !ok {
		return fmt.Errorf("invalid URL: %q", url)
	}
	if err := cache.init(stderr); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if _, err := mtime(filepath.Join(cache.Dir, tsDir, namespace)); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("repo does not exist: %q", url)
	}

	cacheDir, err := filepath.Abs(cache.Dir)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	cacheURL := "ext::git --namespace " + namespace + " %s " + cacheDir

	fmt.Fprintf(stderr, "[gitcache] Cloning %q to %q...\n", url, dir)
	cmd := exec.Command("git", append(append([]string{
		"-c", "protocol.ext.allow=user",
		"-c", "url." + cacheURL + ".insteadOf=" + url,
		"clone",
	}, flags...), "--", url, dir)...)
	cmd.Stderr = stderr
	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}

func (cache *Cache) WithFastClone(stderr io.Writer, url string, fn func(dir string) error) (err error) {
	namespace, ok := URL2NS(url)
	if !ok {
		return fmt.Errorf("invalid URL: %q", url)
	}
	maybeSetErr := func(_err error) {
		if err == nil && _err != nil {
			err = _err
		}
	}

	if _, err := mtime(filepath.Join(cache.Dir, tsDir, namespace)); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("repo does not exist: %q", url)
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(stderr, "[gitcache] Creating temporary view of %q...\n", url)
	// It is important that this be on the same filesystem as the cache so that it can use
	// hard-links to be extremely light-weight.  So, we put it in `cache.git/x-gitcache-tmp/`.
	//
	// We also flock() the directory, so that we can GC them later if this process gets
	// interrupted.
	var tmpdir string
	for {
		tmpdir, err = os.MkdirTemp(filepath.Join(cache.Dir, tmpDir), "*.git")
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		fh, err := os.Open(tmpdir)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if err := syscall.Flock(int(fh.Fd()), syscall.LOCK_EX|syscall.LOCK_NB); err != nil {
			if errors.Is(err, syscall.EWOULDBLOCK) {
				// Presumably, a concurrent .Maintenance() call locked it before we
				// could.  Try again.
				if err := fh.Close(); err != nil {
					return err
				}
				continue
			}
			return &os.PathError{Op: "flock", Path: tmpdir, Err: err}
		}
		defer func() {
			maybeSetErr(os.RemoveAll(tmpdir))
			maybeSetErr(fh.Close())
		}()
		break
	}
	cmd := exec.Command("git", "--namespace="+namespace, "clone", "--mirror", cache.Dir, tmpdir)
	cmd.Stderr = stderr
	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return fn(tmpdir)
}

func (cache *Cache) listRefs(stderr io.Writer, prefixes ...string) (map[string]string, error) {
	fmt.Fprintf(stderr, "[gitcache] Listing refs: %q...\n", prefixes)
	var stdout strings.Builder
	cmd := exec.Command("git", append([]string{"for-each-ref", "--format=%(objectname) %(refname)"}, prefixes...)...)
	cmd.Dir = cache.Dir
	cmd.Stdout = &stdout
	cmd.Stderr = stderr
	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	lines := strings.Split(stdout.String(), "\n")
	ret := make(map[string]string, len(lines)-1)
	for _, line := range lines {
		hash, refname, ok := strings.Cut(line, " ")
		if !ok {
			continue
		}
		ret[refname] = hash
	}
	return ret, nil
}

// returns ("", nil) if the rev doesn't exist, but there wasn't an
// error determining that.
func (cache *Cache) revParse(stderr io.Writer, rev string) (ret string, err error) {
	var stdout strings.Builder
	cmd := exec.Command("git", "rev-parse", "--verify", rev)
	cmd.Dir = cache.Dir
	cmd.Stdout = &stdout
	cmd.Stderr = stderr
	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
		var eErr *exec.ExitError
		if errors.As(err, &eErr) && eErr.ExitCode() == 128 {
			return "", nil
		}
		return "", err
	}

	return strings.TrimSpace(stdout.String()), nil
}

// returns map["{refglob}{suffix}"]map["{refname}{suffix}"]"{hash}"
func (cache *Cache) RevParse(stderr io.Writer, url string, revglobs ...string) (map[string]map[string]string, error) {
	ns, ok := URL2NS(url)
	if !ok {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid URL: %q", url)
	}
	nsprefix := "refs/namespaces/" + ns + "/"

	refs, err := cache.listRefs(stderr, nsprefix)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	ret := make(map[string]map[string]string, len(revglobs))
	for _, revglob := range revglobs {
		refglob, suffix, ok := ParseRev(revglob, true)
		if !ok {
			continue
		}
		for nsRefname := range refs {
			refname := strings.TrimPrefix(nsRefname, nsprefix)
			if !MatchRef(refglob, refname) {
				continue
			}
			var hash string
			if suffix == "" { // fast-path
				hash = refs[nsRefname]
			} else {
				var err error
				hash, err = cache.revParse(stderr, nsRefname)
				if err != nil {
					return nil, fmt.Errorf("resolving: %q: %w", revglob, err)
				}
			}
			if hash != "" {
				if ret[revglob] == nil {
					ret[revglob] = make(map[string]string, 1)
				}
				ret[revglob][refname+suffix] = hash
			}
		}
	}
	return ret, nil
}

func (cache *Cache) Maintenance(stderr io.Writer, flags ...string) error {
	fmt.Fprintf(stderr, "[gitcache] Maintenance: %q...\n", flags)
	cmd := exec.Command("git", append([]string{"maintenance", "run"}, flags...)...)
	cmd.Dir = cache.Dir
	cmd.Stderr = stderr
	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// GC stale .WithFastClone() dirs.
	entries, err := os.ReadDir(filepath.Join(cache.Dir, tmpDir))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	for _, entry := range entries {
		dirpath := filepath.Join(cache.Dir, tmpDir, entry.Name())
		fh, err := os.Open(dirpath)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if err := syscall.Flock(int(fh.Fd()), syscall.LOCK_EX|syscall.LOCK_NB); err != nil {
			if errors.Is(err, syscall.EWOULDBLOCK) {
				if err := fh.Close(); err != nil {
					return err
				}
				continue
			}
			return &os.PathError{Op: "flock", Path: dirpath, Err: err}
		}
		if err := os.RemoveAll(dirpath); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if err := fh.Close(); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	return nil
}